Rabu, 20 Mei 2015

TUGAS 2 BAHASA INGGRIS



Adverb Vs Adjectives

Definitions

·         An adjective is a word or set of words that modifies (i.e., describes) a noun or pronoun. Adjectives may come before the word they modify. 

Examples:
That is a cute puppy.
She likes a high school senior.

Adjectives may also follow the word they modify:

Examples:
That puppy looks cute.
The technology is state-of-the-art.

·         An adverb is a word or set of words that modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. 

Examples:
He speaks slowly (modifies the verb speaks)
He is especially clever (modifies the adjective clever)
He speaks all too slowly (modifies the adverb slowly)

An adverb answers how, when, where, or to what extent—how often or how much (e.g., daily, completely). 

Examples:
He speaks slowly (answers the question how)
He speaks very slowly (answers the question how slowly)
The Difference between Adjectives and Adverbs
The Basic Rules: Adjectives
Adjectives modify nouns. To modify means to change in some way. For example:
·                     "I ate a meal." Meal is a noun. We don't know what kind of meal; all we know is that someone ate a meal.
·                     "I ate an enormous lunch." Lunch is a noun, and enormous is an adjective that modifies it. It tells us what kind of meal the person ate.
Adjectives usually answer one of a few different questions: "What kind?" or "Which?" or "How many?" For example:
·                     "The tall girl is riding a new bike." Tall tells us which girl we're talking about. New tells us what kind of bike we're talking about.
·                     "The tough professor gave us the final exam." Tough tells us what kind of professor we're talking about. Final tells us which exam we're talking about.
·                     "Fifteen students passed the midterm exam; twelve students passed the final exam." Fifteen and twelve both tell us how many students;midterm and final both tell us which exam.
Adverbs and Adjectives with the same form

There are a number of adjectives / adverbs that take the same form. It therefore depends on the sentence context as to whether it is an adjective or an adverb.
The adjectives / adverbs that take the same form include: fast, hard, early, late, high, low, right, wrong, straight and long.
·                     Adam has a fast car. (Adjective)
·                     Adam speaks fast. (Adverb)


Degree Of Comparisson

Definition
When adjectives and adverbs are used in comparisons, they take differnt forms. The form an adjective or adverb takes depends on how many things are being compared. The different forms of comparison are called degrees of comparison.

1.     Possitive Degree
Of an adjective in comparison is the adjective in its simple form. It is used to denote the more existence of some quality of what we speak about. It is used when no comparison is made.

                                                   as + adjective (kata sifat) + as
                                                   not so + adjective (kata sifat) + as
                                                   the same + noun (kata benda) + as



Note :
Using not so  only to sentence negative, and as can in use to sentence positive, negative and interrogative.
a)     Degree of Equality
Positive degree is used to compare two things which are equal in status or same quality.
Note : Here the adjective in positive form is used with conjuction;
as + adjective + as
Example :
A grape is as delicious as a banana.
Ayu is as pretty as Tina.
Dimas is as big as Leo.
Diamond is as expensive as  silver.
Siska is as rich as  Ani.

b)     Degree of Inequality
Positive degree is also used to compare two things which are not equal & do not have same status.
Note :  Here the adjective in positive form is joined with the conjunction not so as to express inequality.
Not so+ adjective + as


Example :
Gold is not so useful as Iron.
Hindi is not so difficult as Sanskrit.
The city bus is not so crowded as it was yesterday.

2.     Comparative Degree
Denotes the existence of a higher degree of the quality than the positive. It is used when two things (or two sets of things) are compared.
Note : Here the adjectives of comparative degree are followed by “than”, thus this kind of comparison is called Comparative degree.
Example :
This building is taller than any other building.
Apple is sweeter than orange.
River Nile in Africa is longer than river Ganga in India.
The peaks of Himalayas are higher than any other mountain peaks in India.
Hotel Taj is bigger than Hotel Meridian in Mumbai.

3.     Superlative Degree
Denotes the existence of the highest degree of the quality. It is used when more than two things are compared.
Note : Here the adjective in superlative degree is preceded by the, thus such sentences are said to be in Superlative degree .
Example :
Rose is the most beautiful flower.
Johny is the kindest of all.
Brown is the strongest man of all.
Heri is the most intelligent of the three boys.
Mount  Everest is the highest peak in the world.

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